Results: The results showed that earthworm inoculation significantly accelerated the degradation of rice straw and promoted the conversion of straw carbon to soil carbon. Methods: We analyzed the effects of straw return and earthworms on the diversity of fungal populations and the community structure of dominant fungal taxa in soil by quantifying fungal population size and community composition via PCR amplification of internal transcribed spacer genes and 18S rRNA gene sequencing. However, the impact of externally inoculated earthworms on the farmland soil ecosystem, especially the structure and the function of its microbial community, remains unclear. The earthworms accelerated straw degradation and promoted carbon conversion. 2Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, PA, United Statesīackground: To promote the decomposition of returned straw, reduce the incidence of soil-borne diseases caused by returned straw, and accelerate the conversion of straw carbon into soil carbon, we inoculated earthworms into fields with returned straw.1Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.Ke Song 1†, Yafei Sun 1†, Qin Qin 1, Lijuan Sun 1, Xianqing Zheng 1, William Terzaghi 2, Weiguang Lv 1* and Yong Xue 1*
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